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History AD75 The Romans establish a fort in Cardiff 445 First written mention of Cardiff is made in the Annates Cambriae (The Welsh Annals) 850 The first recorded Viking attack is made on the Welsh coast 1081 William the Conqueror visits Cardiff on his first and last expedition into Wales 1201 The oldest surviving treaty between England and Wales is signed by Llewelyn the Great and King John 1404 Owain Glynd^wr summons his first Welsh Parliament at Machynlleth 1536 1st Act of Union: Welsh law is aligned with English law, and English is made the official language 1542 Thomas Capper is burnt at the stake in Cardiff for heresy and becomes the first religious martyr in Wales; 2nd Act of Union divides Wales into shires under the administration of the Council of Wales 1581 Elizabeth I grants Cardiff its first royal charter 1648 Battle of St Fagans, the last major Civil War battle in Wales, is fought with heavy losses to the Royalist camp 1794 Canal link between Cardiff and the Valleys is completed 1839 Marquis of Bute opens first dock in Cardiff 1845-50 First rail link is constructed between Cardiff and the coal-producing valleys 1850 Population of Cardiff reaches 30,000 1868 William Burges begins process of remodelling Cardiff Castle 1876 Cardiff Rugby Club is formed 1885 Cardiff Arms Park stadium Grand Stand opens 1905 Edward VII grants Cardiff city status 1906-38 Civic buildings of Cathays Park are constructed 1911 Population of Cardiff reaches 182,000 1913 A record 10.5 million tonnes of coal is exported from Cardiff docks 1931 Population of Cardiff reaches 227,000 1942 Welsh language is made official 1955 Cardiff becomes the official capital of Wales 19 Sep 1997 Referendum is held for the Welsh National Assembly 6 May 1999 Elections held for the Welsh National Assembly 26 May 1999 Welsh National Assembly is opened by HM Queen Elizabeth II Oct 1999 Cardiff hosts the Rugby World Cup |
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